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Rule 55
Rule 55 was an operating rule which applied on British railways in the 19th and 20th centuries, and was superseded by the (Modular Rulebook ) following re-privatisation of the railways. Its principle survives: waiting trains on running lines must remind the signal controller (signaller) of their presence.
== Overview ==
Rule 55 was introduced following a spate of accidents caused by signalmen forgetting that trains were standing on a running line, sometimes within sight of their signal boxes.
It required that, if a train was brought to a stand at a signal, within three minutes in clear weather or immediately in rain, snow or fog, the driver of the train must despatch his fireman, guard or any shunter riding on the train, to the signal box to ensure that the signalman was aware of the presence of the train, and that all safeguards to protect the train, such as slides or collars on the signal levers, were in place, the crewman then signing the train register to confirm this.
In practice, this meant a cautious trudge, in whatever weather, for the crewman (although there was usually a mug of tea to be had in the signal box). Occasionally the rule was obeyed to the following extent: the crewman merely exchanged a greeting with the signalman, signed the register and returned to the train. In many cases, such as at major junctions or marshalling yards where crewmen crossing the rails were in grave danger from moving trains, the rule could not be applied properly (see exemption white diamond pictured). Further, the need for the fireman to return to the train would delay it if the signal was cleared in the meantime.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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